{"id":22578,"date":"2014-12-16T19:53:31","date_gmt":"2014-12-16T19:53:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/news.umich.edu\/2014\/12\/16\/%e9%9d%92%e5%b0%91%e5%b9%b4%e6%bb%a5%e7%94%a8%e8%8d%af%e7%89%a9%e7%8e%87%e4%b8%8b%e9%99%8d%ef%bc%8c%e5%90%b8%e9%a3%9f%e7%94%b5%e5%ad%90%e7%83%9f%e9%a6%96%e8%b6%85%e9%a6%99%e7%83%9f\/"},"modified":"2014-12-16T19:53:31","modified_gmt":"2014-12-16T19:53:31","slug":"%e9%9d%92%e5%b0%91%e5%b9%b4%e6%bb%a5%e7%94%a8%e8%8d%af%e7%89%a9%e7%8e%87%e4%b8%8b%e9%99%8d%ef%bc%8c%e5%90%b8%e9%a3%9f%e7%94%b5%e5%ad%90%e7%83%9f%e9%a6%96%e8%b6%85%e9%a6%99%e7%83%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/%e9%9d%92%e5%b0%91%e5%b9%b4%e6%bb%a5%e7%94%a8%e8%8d%af%e7%89%a9%e7%8e%87%e4%b8%8b%e9%99%8d%ef%bc%8c%e5%90%b8%e9%a3%9f%e7%94%b5%e5%ad%90%e7%83%9f%e9%a6%96%e8%b6%85%e9%a6%99%e7%83%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u6ee5\u7528\u836f\u7269\u7387\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5438\u98df\u7535\u5b50\u70df\u9996\u8d85\u9999\u70df"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" alignright size-full wp-image-29084\" style=\"float: right;\" alt=\"\u5438\u70df\u8005\u6301\u6709\u7535\u5b50\u9999\u70df\u3002\" src=\"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/e-cigarettes-surpass-tobacco-cigarettes-among-teens-lead-20141216.jpg\" height=\"210\" width=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/mc-image-cache\/2014\/12\/e-cigarettes-surpass-tobacco-cigarettes-among-teens-lead-20141216.jpg 435w, https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/e-cigarettes-surpass-tobacco-cigarettes-among-teens-lead-20141216-300x210.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\u6765\u81ea\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5927\u5b66&#8221;\u76d1\u6d4b\u672a\u6765&#8221;\uff08Monitoring the Future\uff09\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8c03\u67e5\u663e\u793a\uff1a\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u6ee5\u7528\u9999\u70df\u3001\u9152\u7cbe\u3001\u53ca\u836f\u7269\u7b49\u6ee5\u7528\u7387\u6301\u7eed\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u70df\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4eba\u6570\u9996\u6b21\u8d85\u8fc7\u4f20\u7edf\u9999\u70df\u5438\u98df\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u8ba1\u5212\u81ea1975\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5185400\u591a\u6240\u5b66\u6821\u63a5\u8fd14-5\u4e07\u540d\u76848\u5e74\u7ea7\uff08\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u521d\u4e8c\uff09\u300110\u5e74\u7ea7\uff08\u9ad8\u4e00\uff09\u53ca12\u5e74\u7ea7\uff08\u9ad8\u4e09\uff09\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u8fdb\u884c\u70df\u9152\u53ca\u836f\u7269\u6ee5\u7528\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Lloyd Johnston,\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u597d\u8ff9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u836f\u7269\u6ee5\u7528\u95ee\u9898\u4f9d\u7136\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9152\u7cbe<br \/>41%\u7684\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u8868\u793a\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u5e74\u5185\u6709\u996e\u9152\uff0c\u4e3a\u8c03\u67e5\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u662f1997\u5e74\u768461%\u3002\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0b\u8dcc\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9152\u7cbe\u83b7\u53d6\u96be\u5ea6\u52a0\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u9157\u9152\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u8c03\u67e5\u524d\u76842\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u5185\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u8fde\u7eed5\u6b21\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u996e\u9152\uff09\u6709\u6240\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u8dcc\u81f312%\u3002 \u5373\u4fbf\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u572812\u5e74\u7ea7\u751f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u6bcf5\u540d\u5b66\u751f\u5c31\u67091\u540d\u9157\u9152\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70df\u8349\/\u7535\u5b50\u70df<br \/>\u5728\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5e74\u7ea7\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\uff0c \u7ea6\u67098%\u7684\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u5438\u70df\uff0c\u800c\u57281998\u5e74\uff0c\u6b64\u6570\u5b57\u662f28%\u3002 Richard Miech, \u6b64\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8c03\u67e5\u8005\u8bf4\uff1a&#8221;\u7535\u5b50\u70df\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u6f6e\u6d41\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6e17\u5165\u7f8e\u56fd\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u3002&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u8c03\u67e5\u8be2\u95ee\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u6700\u8fd130\u5929\u5185\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u7535\u5b50\u70df\u6216\u9999\u70df\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7535\u5b50\u70df\u76848\u5e74\u7ea7\u548c10\u5e74\u7ea7\u5b66\u751f\u662f\u9999\u70df\u76842\u500d\u3002 8\u5e74\u7ea7\u300110\u5e74\u7ea7\u53ca12\u5e74\u7ea7\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5438\u7535\u5b50\u70df\u5206\u522b\u662f9%\uff0c 16%\uff0c17%\uff1b \u800c\u5438\u9999\u70df\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5206\u522b4%\uff0c7%\uff0c14%\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7535\u5b50\u70df\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u63a5\u89e6\u5c3c\u53e4\u4e01\uff08\u6613\u4e0a\u763e\u7269\u8d28\uff09\u7684\u5165\u95e8\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u4e09\u4e2a\u5e74\u7ea7\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u89e6\u9999\u70df\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u70df\u5438\u98df\u8005\u57284\uff05\u81f37%\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\u7535\u5b50\u70df\u5728\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u4e2d\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7535\u5b50\u70df\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5371\u5bb3\u5065\u5eb7\u3002\u7535\u5b50\u70df\u662f\u65b0\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u5bf9\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u5c1a\u672a\u5f97\u77e5\u3002&#8221; Richard Miech \u8865\u5145\u3002<\/p>\n<p>15%\u76848\u5e74\u7ea7\u5b66\u751f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7ecf\u5e38\u5438\u7535\u5b50\u70df\u6709\u5bb3\u8eab\u4f53\uff0c\u800c62%\u7684\u540c\u9f84\u5b66\u751f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6bcf\u5929\u54381-2\u5305\u70df\u6709\u5bb3\u8eab\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u975e\u6cd5\u836f\u7269<br \/>\u5408\u6210\u5927\u9ebb<br \/>\u8c03\u67e5\u663e\u793a\uff0c12\u5e74\u7ea7\u751f\u5438\u98df\u5408\u6210\u5927\u9ebb\u4ece2011\u768411%\u4e0b\u964d\u81f32014\u5e74\u76846%\u3002\u5408\u6210\u5927\u9ebb,\u4fd7\u79f0k2\uff0c\u662f\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u9999\u6599\u70df\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u8bb8\u591a\u5dde\u90fd\u80fd\u5728\u52a0\u6cb9\u7ad9\uff0c\u4fbf\u5229\u5e97\uff0c\u8ff7\u5e7b\u5546\u5e97\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u83b7\u53d6\uff0c\u5176\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u601d\u89c9\u5931\u8c03\u53ca\u5fc3\u810f\u75c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u50f5\u5c38\u6d74\u76d0(Bath Salts)<br 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\/>\u4f8b\u6447\u5934\u4e38\uff0c2.2%\u5b66\u751f\u5438\u98df\uff0c\u800c\u9f20\u5c3e\u8349(Salvia) \u5c11\u4e8e2%\u300214%\u768412\u5e74\u7ea7\u751f\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u533b\u751f\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u5747\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fc7\u670d\u7528\u9ebb\u9189\u836f\u3001\u9547\u5b9a\u5242\u3001\u5b89\u975e\u4ed6\u660e(\u89e3\u9664\u5fe7\u90c1\u3001\u75b2\u52b3\u7684\u836f) \u836f\u30023.2%\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u6709\u6ee5\u7528\u6b62\u54b3\u836f\u6c34\u53ca\u611f\u5192\u836f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002 \u5176\u4ed6\u5371\u9669\u7684\u975e\u6cd5\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6d77\u6d1b\u82f1\u3001\u51b0\u6bd2\u7b49\uff0c\u6709\u6781\u5c11\u91cf\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u670d\u98df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\u76d1\u6d4b\u672a\u6765&#8221;\uff08Monitoring the Future\uff09\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u836f\u7269\u6ee5\u7528\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08National Institute on Drug Abuse\uff09 \u8d44\u52a9\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e3aLloyd Johnston\u3001Patrick O&#8217;Malley, Jerald Bachman, John Schulenberg, Richard Miech, \u5747\u4e3a\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9662(Institute for Social Research)\u7814\u7a76\u6559\u6388\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" alignleft size-full wp-image-29084\" style=\"float: left;\" alt=\"\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u6ee5\u7528\u836f\u7269\u7387\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5438\u98df\u7535\u5b50\u70df\u9996\u8d85\u9999\u70df\" src=\"http:\/\/news.umich.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/e-cigarettes-surpass-tobacco-cigarettes-among-teens-lead-20141216.jpg\" height=\"305\" width=\"435\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/mc-image-cache\/2014\/12\/e-cigarettes-surpass-tobacco-cigarettes-among-teens-lead-20141216.jpg 435w, https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/e-cigarettes-surpass-tobacco-cigarettes-among-teens-lead-20141216-300x210.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 435px) 100vw, 435px\" \/>\u6765\u81ea\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5927\u5b66&#8221;\u76d1\u6d4b\u672a\u6765&#8221;\uff08Monitoring the 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