{"id":24197,"date":"2016-09-16T17:06:44","date_gmt":"2016-09-16T17:06:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/news.umich.edu\/2016\/09\/16\/%e8%b0%83%e6%9f%a5%ef%bc%9a%e7%be%8e%e5%9b%bd%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e7%94%9f%e6%8a%bd%e9%a3%9f%e5%a4%a7%e9%ba%bb%e6%8c%81%e7%bb%ad%e5%a2%9e%e9%95%bf%e5%85%b6%e4%bb%96%e8%8d%af%e7%89%a9%e4%b8%8b%e9%99%8d\/"},"modified":"2016-09-16T17:06:44","modified_gmt":"2016-09-16T17:06:44","slug":"%e8%b0%83%e6%9f%a5%ef%bc%9a%e7%be%8e%e5%9b%bd%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e7%94%9f%e6%8a%bd%e9%a3%9f%e5%a4%a7%e9%ba%bb%e6%8c%81%e7%bb%ad%e5%a2%9e%e9%95%bf%e5%85%b6%e4%bb%96%e8%8d%af%e7%89%a9%e4%b8%8b%e9%99%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/%e8%b0%83%e6%9f%a5%ef%bc%9a%e7%be%8e%e5%9b%bd%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e7%94%9f%e6%8a%bd%e9%a3%9f%e5%a4%a7%e9%ba%bb%e6%8c%81%e7%bb%ad%e5%a2%9e%e9%95%bf%e5%85%b6%e4%bb%96%e8%8d%af%e7%89%a9%e4%b8%8b%e9%99%8d\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8c03\u67e5\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u62bd\u98df\u5927\u9ebb\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u957f,\u5176\u4ed6\u836f\u7269\u4e0b\u964d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5927\u5b66 “\u76d1\u63a7\u672a\u6765” \u9879\u76ee\u62a5\u544a\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u62bd\u98df\u5927\u9ebb\u60c5\u51b5\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n

“\u76d1\u63a7\u672a\u6765”\u9879\u76ee\u81ea1980\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u836f\u7269\u6ee5\u7528\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u8d44\u52a9, \u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u6559\u6388\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u5168\u7f8e\u9ad8\u4e09\u5b66\u751f\u53ca\u5168\u804c\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u6ee5\u7528\u836f\u7269\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

2015\u5e74\uff0c\u7ea638%\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u5e74\u5185\u5438\u98df\u5927\u9ebb\uff0c\u6bd42006\u5e74\u589e\u957f\u4e8630%\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u4e9b\u5e74\uff0c\u6bcf\u65e5\u6216\u63a5\u8fd1\u6bcf\u65e5\uff08\u8fc7\u53bb30\u5929\u5185\u5438\u98df20\u6b21\u6216\u66f4\u591a\uff09\u5438\u98df\u5927\u9ebb\u7684\u4eba\u6570\uff0c\u4ece2007\u5e74\u76843.5\uff05\u589e\u52a0\u52302014\u5e74\u76845.9%\u3002 \u662f\u8fd134\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6570\u503c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c2015\u5e74\u6bcf\u65e5\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u9ebb\u4eba\u6570\u8dcc\u52304.6%\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6bcf22\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\u67091\u4eba\u5438\u98df\u5927\u9ebb\u3002\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u9ebb\u6bcf\u65e5\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5438\u98df\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5927\u9ebb\u5371\u9669\u6027\u4f4e\u3002\u81ea2003\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c19-22\u5c81\u5927\u9ebb\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7ecf\u5e38\u62bd\u5927\u9ebb\u5371\u5bb3\u5927\uff0c\u4ece2003\u5e74\u768458%\u4e0b\u964d\u81f32015\u5e74\u768433\uff05\u3002<\/p>\n

John Schulenberg\uff0c\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u8bf4\u7684\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u672c\u6b21\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u8bf4\uff1a”\u5927\u9ebb\u4f7f\u7528\u589e\u52a0\u4e0e\u5bf9\u4f24\u5bb3\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5e08\u751f\u5bb6\u957f\u5e94\u8be5\u8ba4\u771f\u5bf9\u5f85\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u5217\u7814\u7a76\u77e5\u9053\u5e38\u7528\u5927\u9ebb\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5b66\u4e1a\u548c\u6bd5\u4e1a\u6709\u53cd\u6548\u679c\u3002”<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u5927\u9ebb\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u836f\u7269\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u975e\u5904\u65b9\u9ebb\u9189\u836f\u7269\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\u4ece2006\u5e74\u76848.8%\u4e0b\u964d\u52302015\u5e74\u76843.3%\u3002 Lloyd Johnston,\u6b64\u7814\u7a76\u53e6\u4e00\u4e3b\u8981\u8c03\u67e5\u8005\u8868\u793a\uff1a”\u770b\u6765\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u81f3\u5c11\u5c06\u6ee5\u7528\u9ebb\u9189\u836f\u7684\u574f\u5904\u542c\u8fdb\u8033\u4e86\u3002”<\/p>\n

\u6d77\u6d1b\u56e0\u98df\u7528\u8fd1\u4e9b\u5e74\u4e5f\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u65b0\u4f4e\u3002\u6700\u9ad8\u5cf0\u662f1998\u5e74\u76840.6%, 2005\u5e74\u76840.3%\u52302015\u5e74 \u76840.1\uff05.<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u975e\u4ed6\u547d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0b\u964d\u3002 \u4e00\u5e74\u5185\u6ee5\u7528\u5b89\u975e\u4ed6\u547d\u4ece2008\u5e74\u76845.7%\u589e\u52a0\u52302012\u5e74\u768411.1%\uff0c \u5927\u591a\u6570\u98df\u7528\u8005\u662f\u7528\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b66\u4e1a\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc72015\u5e74\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u964d\u81f39.7%\u3002 \u6bcf10\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u540d\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u5e74\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u975e\u4ed6\u547d\u3002”\u867d\u7136\u6bcf10\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\u5c31\u67091\u4e2a\u98df\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u975e\u5904\u65b9\u5174\u594b\u6027\u836f\u7269\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\u3002” Johnston\u8bf4\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u6447\u5934\u4e38\u4e5f\u5728\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u964d\u81f34.2%\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fd7\u79f0K2\u6216spice\u7684\u836f\u7269\u4ece2011\u5e74\u76848.5%\u4e0b\u964d\u52302015\u5e74\u76841.5%\uff0c\u4e0b\u964d\u8d85\u8fc780%\u3002Salvia\u8ff7\u5e7b\u8349\u4ece2009\u5e74\u76845.8%\u4e0b\u964d\u52302015\u76840.4%\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u836f\u7269\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e0d\u666e\u904d\u3002 \u8ff7\u5e7b\u836f\u7269\u6d77\u76d0\u4ece2012\u5e74\u76840.3% \u4e0b\u964d\u52302015\u5e74\u76840.1% \u3002 \u9547\u5b9a\u5242 \uff084.3%\uff09\u4e0e\u9547\u9759\u5b89\u7720\u836f\uff082.3%\uff09 \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u5316\u5f88\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u6bd4\u5973\u6027\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u6ee5\u7528\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u9547\u5b9a\u5b89\u7720\u836f\u662f\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n

\u70df\u9152<\/p>\n

\u8fc7\u53bb16\u5e74\uff0c\u5438\u70df\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u4eba\u6570\u5267\u70c8\u4e0b\u964d\u30022015\u5e74\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u521b\u65b0\u4f4e\u768411%\u3002\u6bcf\u65e5\u5438\u70df\u4eba\u7fa4\u964d\u4f4e\u5730\u66f4\u591a\uff0c\u4ece1999\u5e74\u768419.3\uff05\u4e0b\u964d\u52302015\u5e74\u76844.2\uff05\uff0c \u662f1980\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u4e2d\u751f\u662f\u5438\u70df\u8f83\u9ad8\u4eba\u7fa4\u30022015\u5e74\uff0c23%\u7684\u4eba\u8868\u793a\u4e0a\u4e2a\u6708\u62bd\u8fc7\u70df\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u53ea\u670911%\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e25\u91cd\u5438\u70df\u8005\u8f83\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u9ad8\u4e2d\u751f\uff089.1%\uff09\uff0c\u975e\u5927\u5b66\u751f\uff081.4%)\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5438\u70df\u8005\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7537\u6027\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u6708\u5438\u7535\u5b50\u70df\u6570\u5b5714%\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u4e3a6%\u3002<\/p>\n

79%\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u53bb\u5e74\u559d\u9152\uff0c63%\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4e0a\u4e2a\u6708\u559d\u9152\u3002<\/p>\n

62%\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u5e74\u6709\u9189\u9152\uff0c38%\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u6709\u9189\u9152\u3002\u996e\u9152\u53ca\u9152\u9189\u5728\u5168\u7f8e\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n

2015\u5e7440%\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u55dc\u9152\u3002\u55dc\u9152\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u8fc7\u53bb2\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u5185\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u573a\u5408\u5185\u559d5\u676f\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9152\u3002\u867d\u7136\u55dc\u9152\u7537\u6027\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb30\u5e74\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u5973\u5b66\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u5f88\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c24\u5176\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u8fc7\u5ea6\u55dc\u9152\uff08\u8fc7\u53bb2\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u573a\u5408\u5f15\u7528\u8d85\u8fc710\u676f\u6216\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u8fc715\u676f\u9152\uff09\u30022011\u5e74\u81f32015\u5e74\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\uff0c 9\u4e2a\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\u67091\u4e2a\u81ea\u79f0\u8fc7\u53bb2\u661f\u671f\u5185\u559d\u9152\u8d85\u8fc710\u676f\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u300225\u4e2a\u4eba\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u559d\u8d85\u8fc715\u676f\u3002<\/p>\n

“\u8fd9\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u55dc\u9152\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a76\u7adf\u4e2d\u6bd2\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u4e8b\u6545\u3001\u4e0d\u7406\u667a\u7684\u5371\u9669\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u3002” Johnston \u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\"\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5927\u5b66 “\u76d1\u63a7\u672a\u6765” \u9879\u76ee\u62a5\u544a\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u62bd\u98df\u5927\u9ebb\u60c5\u51b5\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":31264,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[25369,26,25374,25380,24606],"tags":[4611],"beat":[],"class_list":["post-24197","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arts-culture-zh-hans","category-chinese-translations","category-education-society-zh-hans","category-health-zh-hans","category-24606","tag-johnston"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24197","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24197"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24197\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31264"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24197"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24197"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24197"},{"taxonomy":"beat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/beat?post=24197"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}