{"id":70464,"date":"2021-04-26T11:23:15","date_gmt":"2021-04-26T15:23:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/?p=70464"},"modified":"2021-04-26T12:46:01","modified_gmt":"2021-04-26T16:46:01","slug":"%e5%b9%b8%e7%a6%8f%e9%83%bd%e6%98%af%e7%9b%b8%e4%bc%bc%e7%9a%84%ef%bc%8c%e4%b8%8d%e5%b9%b8%e5%8d%b4%e5%90%84%e6%9c%89%e4%b8%8d%e5%90%8c%e3%80%82-%e8%bf%99%e4%b8%80%e6%9d%a1%e5%90%8d%e8%a8%80%e5%8f%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/%e5%b9%b8%e7%a6%8f%e9%83%bd%e6%98%af%e7%9b%b8%e4%bc%bc%e7%9a%84%ef%bc%8c%e4%b8%8d%e5%b9%b8%e5%8d%b4%e5%90%84%e6%9c%89%e4%b8%8d%e5%90%8c%e3%80%82-%e8%bf%99%e4%b8%80%e6%9d%a1%e5%90%8d%e8%a8%80%e5%8f%af\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u5168\u7403\u653f\u5e9c\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u5bf9\u75ab\u60c5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/how-countries-on-five-continents-responded-to-the-pandemic-helping-shape-future-of-health-policy-Coronavirus-Politics-Cover_web-e1618933500562.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-70143\" src=\"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/how-countries-on-five-continents-responded-to-the-pandemic-helping-shape-future-of-health-policy-Coronavirus-Politics-Cover_web-e1618933500562.png\" alt=\"Coronavirus Politics Book Cover\" width=\"1800\" height=\"2700\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n\u5e78\u798f\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e78\u5374\u5404\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u3002  \u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\u540d\u8a00\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5404\u56fd\u5e94\u5bf9\u75ab\u60c5\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u9886\u8854\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u53ec\u96c6\u4e86\u7531\u7ea670\u540d\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5c0f\u7ec4\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e8634\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u75ab\u60c5\u7684\u5e94\u5bf9\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u653f\u5e9c\u53ca\u653f\u5ba2\u7684\u56de\u5e94\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4ee5\u201c\u65b0\u51a0\u653f\u6cbb\uff08Coronavirus Politics) \u201d\u4e3a\u540d\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\u6b63\u5f0f\u4e0a\u7ebf\uff0c\u514d\u8d39\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff082020\u5e74\u5e95\u4e4b\u524d\uff09\u76f8\u5bf9\u6210\u529f\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u5e94\u5bf9\u63aa\u65bd\u4e0a\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8bc1\u636e\uff08\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u8fd9\u4efd\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\uff09\u8868\u660e\u653f\u4f53\u662f\u5e94\u5bf9\u63aa\u65bd\u6210\u529f\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u96c6\u6743\u653f\u4f53\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u5b9e\u65bd\u536b\u751f\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u7b56\u4e0a\u6bd4\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u4f53\u66f4\u52a0\u6709\u6548\u3002 \u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u901a\u53ca\u4fe1\u4efb\u662f\u67d0\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08\u65e0\u8bba\u653f\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u6297\u75ab\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u5e78\u798f\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\uff08\u97e9\u56fd\uff0c\u8d8a\u5357\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u548c\u4e39\u9ea6\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u836f\u7269\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\uff08\u6234\u7740\u53e3\u7f69\u3001\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u5c01\u9501\u4ee4\u7b49\uff09\u5bf9\u75ab\u60c5\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u5e94\u5bf9\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fc5\u901f\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u963b\u6b62\u75c5\u6bd2\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u7528\u91d1\u94b1\u9f13\u52b1\u4eba\u5458\u7559\u5728\u5bb6\u4e2d\u5e76\u5feb\u901f\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u5b66\u9662\u536b\u751f\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u653f\u7b56\u5b66\u6559\u6388Scott Greer \u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u7ba1\u7406covid19\u75ab\u60c5\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u5bf9\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8c03\u67e5\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ed6\u4eec\u91c7\u53d6\u8fd9\u79cd\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5438\u53d6\u6559\u8bad\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u5df4\u897f\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u523a\u6fc0\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7559\u5728\u5bb6\u4e2d\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u968f\u540e\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u5efa\u7acb\u4efb\u4f55\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5370\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u65e0\u89c6\u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u6c11\u4f17\u7559\u5728\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u624d\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u5fc5\u987b\u5de5\u4f5c\u624d\u80fd\u6d3b\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u5c01\u9501\u6bd4\u75c5\u6bd2\u6740\u5bb3\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e66\u4e2d\u4e00\u7ae0\u8282\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5217\u5b81\u5f0f\u5730\u5e94\u5bf9\uff0c\u7531\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u5723\u5730\u4e9a\u54e5\u5206\u6821\u5168\u7403\u653f\u7b56\u4e0e\u6218\u7565\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u526f\u6559\u6388Victor Shih \uff08\u53f2\u5b97\u701a\uff09\u64b0\u5199\u3002 \u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u5217\u5b81\u5f0f\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\uff1a\u57fa\u5c42\u5e72\u90e8\u5fc5\u987b\u542c\u4ece\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u515a\u652f\u90e8\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u8981\u4e0d\u7136\u5c31\u4f1a\u906d\u5904\u5206\u3002\u867d\u7136\u515a\u7684\u5baa\u7ae0\u5141\u8bb8\u515a\u5185\u5e72\u90e8\u5728\u653f\u7b56\u4e0a\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u65e6\u6700\u9ad8\u5c42\u505a\u4e86\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u57fa\u5c42\u5e72\u90e8\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u547d\u3002\u5728\u201c\u538b\u5236\u4fe1\u606f\u201d\u7684\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u5c42\u5e72\u90e8\u8bf4\u8981\u53d6\u6d88\u201c\u5343\u4eba\u5bb4\u201d\uff0c \u4f46\u662f\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u5458\u65e0\u89c6\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5bb4\u4f1a\u7167\u65e7\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u515a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u6307\u660e\u8981\u5bf9\u6297\u75ab\u60c5\uff0c \u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u505a\u592a\u591a\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u75ab\u60c5\u65e0\u963b\u529b\u5730\u6563\u64ad\u3002 \u4e00\u65e6\u6297\u75ab\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u5458\u7acb\u523b\u6709\u4e0a\u7ea7\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7701\u5e02\u53ca\u793e\u533a\u5185\u5c06\u9694\u79bb\u505a\u5230\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff1a\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u4e3b\u8981\u516c\u53f8\u53ca\u91d1\u878d\u673a\u6784\u5185\uff0c \u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u662f\u5206\u5c42\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u6784(hierarchical command structure)\u3002 \u5f53\u6700\u9ad8\u6307\u793a\u4e00\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u673a\u6784\u95f4\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u963b\u788d\u6307\u793a\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5728\u5371\u673a\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u201c\u788e\u7247\u5316\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d( fragmented authoritarianism)\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u540c\u5fd7\u5c06\u5229\u76ca\u653e\u4e00\u8fb9\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6700\u9ad8\u6307\u793a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bb3\u6015\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u540e\u679c\u3002 \u5c3d\u7ba1\u5904\u7406covid19\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e2d\u592e\u6307\u5bfc\u7ec4\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u6216\u8005\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5c06\u8d44\u6e90\u653e\u5728\u5c01\u57ce\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898-\u5916\u6765\u52a1\u5de5\u4eba\u5458\u7ecf\u6d4e\u635f\u5931\u53ca\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4e25\u91cd\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u6765\u5e76\u4e0d\u7d27\u6025\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u52a8\u5458\u6765\u81ea\u515a\u5185\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e3b\u8981\u8d44\u6e90\u53ca\u673a\u6784\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u6539\u9769\u53ca\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u638c\u63a7\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u77f3\u6cb9\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u94f6\u884c\u3001\u7279\u8def\u3001\u4e3b\u8981\u7535\u529b\u4f9b\u5e94\u3001\u8b66\u5bdf\u53ca\u6cd5\u5ead\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e3b\u4f53\u6765\u963b\u6321\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u52a8\u5458\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u6307\u51fa\u4e2d\u56fd\u6297\u75ab\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u5c45\u59d4\u4f1a\u53ca\u793e\u533a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u6e90\u81ea\u5b8b\u671d\u7684\u4fdd\u7532\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c45\u59d4\u4f1a\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u57281949\u5e74\u88ab\u5f15\u8fdb\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u9769\u65f6\u9057\u5f03\uff0c\u5e76\u57281990\u5e74\u521d\u4f34\u968f\u56fd\u6709\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5173\u95ed\u521d\u9010\u6b65\u6d88\u9000\u3002\u4f46\u662f90\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u91cd\u62fe\u5c45\u59d4\u4f1a\u3002\u5728\u75ab\u60c5\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u5c45\u59d4\u4f1a\u867d\u4eba\u624b\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u6784\u52a8\u5458\u515a\u5458\u3001\u8001\u5e08\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u524d\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u8ba9\u9694\u79bb\u63aa\u65bd\u5230\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5e78\u798f\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e78\u5374\u5404\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\u540d\u8a00\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5404\u56fd\u5e94\u5bf9\u75ab\u60c5\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u793a\u3002 \u7531\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u9886 <a href=\"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/%e5%b9%b8%e7%a6%8f%e9%83%bd%e6%98%af%e7%9b%b8%e4%bc%bc%e7%9a%84%ef%bc%8c%e4%b8%8d%e5%b9%b8%e5%8d%b4%e5%90%84%e6%9c%89%e4%b8%8d%e5%90%8c%e3%80%82-%e8%bf%99%e4%b8%80%e6%9d%a1%e5%90%8d%e8%a8%80%e5%8f%af\/\" class=\"readmore\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":70143,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[25374,25380,25389,25383,24606],"tags":[],"beat":[25463,25462],"class_list":["post-70464","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education-society-zh-hans","category-health-zh-hans","category-international-zh-hans","category-law-politics-zh-hans","category-24606","initiative-coronavirus"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70464","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/53"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=70464"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70464\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":70480,"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70464\/revisions\/70480"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/70143"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=70464"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=70464"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=70464"},{"taxonomy":"beat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/beat?post=70464"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}